Ehretia rigida

Ehretia rigida, commonly known as the Puzzle Bush, is a hardy, deciduous shrub or small tree from the Boraginaceae family, native to Southern Africa. This drought-tolerant, fast-growing species is prized for its tangled, zig-zag branches, rough bark, and clusters of vibrant lilac to purple flowers, which attract pollinators. It is an excellent choice for wildlife gardens, hedging, erosion control, and arid landscapes.

Key Features:

• Botanical Name: Ehretia rigida
• Common Names: Puzzle Bush, Deurmekaarbos, Rough-Leaved Ehretia
• Family: Boraginaceae (Borage family)
• Native Region: Southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe)
• Growth Rate: Fast-growing
• Mature Size: 2–6 meters (6–20 feet) tall
• Trunk & Bark: Gnarled, with rough, dark bark
• Branches: Zig-zagging, tangled growth habit, forming a dense shrub
• Leaves: Small, rough-textured, deep green, turning yellow in autumn
• Flowers: Clusters of purple to lilac, bell-shaped flowers, blooming in spring
• Fruits: Small, orange to red berries, attracting birds
• Season: Deciduous, shedding leaves in dry seasons

Growing Conditions:

• Sun Exposure: Full sun to partial shade
• Soil Requirements: Well-draining, sandy, rocky, or loamy soil
• Watering Needs: Low; highly drought-tolerant once established
• Temperature Tolerance: Withstands extreme heat and moderate frost
• Humidity: Prefers dry to semi-arid conditions

Landscaping & Uses:

• Ideal for hedging, windbreaks, and erosion control due to its dense growth
• Attracts pollinators, including bees and butterflies
• Bird-friendly tree, producing berries that provide food for wildlife
• Excellent for dry gardens, rockeries, and water-wise landscaping
• Low-maintenance, perfect for wild or naturalized gardens